Nikola
Tesla
1856 – 1943
Place of Birth: Smiljan, Croatia
1856 – 1943
Place of Birth: Smiljan, Croatia
Biography:
He was inventor, electrical
engineer, mechanical engineer, physicist, and futurist best known for his
contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity
supply system. Tesla gained experience in telephony and electrical engineering
before emigrating to the United States in 1884 to work for Thomas Edison in New
York City. He soon struck out on his own with financial backers, setting up
laboratories and companies to develop a range of electrical devices. His
patented AC induction motor and transformer were licensed by George
Westinghouse, who also hired Tesla for a short time as a consultant. His work
in the formative years of electric power development was involved in a
corporate alternating current/direct current "War of Currents" as
well as various patent battles.Tesla went on to pursue his ideas of wireless
lighting and electricity distribution in his high-voltage, high-frequency power
experiments in New York and Colorado Springs, and made early (1893)
pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices.
He tried to put these ideas to practical use in his ill-fated attempt at
intercontinental wireless transmission, which was his unfinished Wardenclyffe
Tower project.In his lab he also conducted a range of experiments with
mechanical oscillators/generators, electrical discharge tubes, and early X-ray
imaging. He also built a wireless controlled boat, one of the first ever
exhibited.
Invention/s:
·
Fluorescent
lighting is used in safe lighting either in houses or vehicles in nowadays.
Radio - he was just credited though. this invention is used for people to be aware in their society and know news about their locality.
Radio - he was just credited though. this invention is used for people to be aware in their society and know news about their locality.
·
Tesla
Coils are used in other inventions which\that needs electricity.
Alexander
Graham Bell
1847 – 1922
Place of Birth: Edinburgh, Scotland
1847 – 1922
Place of Birth: Edinburgh, Scotland
Biography:
Bell's father, grandfather, and
brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his
mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work.His
research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing
devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent
for the telephone in 1876. Bell considered his most famous invention an
intrusion on his real work as a scientist and refused to have a telephone in
his study. Many other inventions marked Bell's later life, including
groundbreaking work in optical telecommunication hydrofoil sand aeronautics. In
1888, Bell became one of the founding members of the National Geographic
Society.
Invention/s:
·
Telephone
- It is really important before and even nowadays for we use it to communicate
with our friends, family and our other love ones.
James
Watt
1736 - 1819
Place of Birth: Greenock, Renfrewshire, Scotland
1736 - 1819
Place of Birth: Greenock, Renfrewshire, Scotland
Biography:
James Watt was a Scottish inventor, mechanical
engineer, and chemist whose Watt steam engine, was fundamental to the changes
brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the
rest of the world. While working as an instrument maker at the University of
Glasgow, Watt became interested in the technology of steam engines. He realised
that contemporary engine designs wasted a great deal of energy by repeatedly
cooling and reheating the cylinder. Watt introduced a design enhancement, the
separate condenser, which avoided this waste of energy and radically improved
the power, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of steam engines. Eventually he adapted
his engine to produce rotary motion, greatly broadening its use beyond pumping
water.
Invention/s:
·
Steam
Engine - Used to give off electricity or power in a particular machine/s. In
modern times, these engines were used not only in factories and other machines
but also in vehicles nowadays. This invention is a really great contribution
during Industrial Period even until now.
Samuel F. B. Morse
1791–1872
Biography:
Samuel Finley Breese
Morse was
born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, on April 27, 1791. He was the first son of
Jedidiah Morse, a clergyman, and Elizabeth Breese, of New Jersey.
"Finley," as his parents called him, was the son quickest to change
moods while his other two brothers, Sidney and Richard, were less temperamental.
His brothers helped him out many times in his adult years. The Morses'
commitment to education had Samuel in Phillips Academy by the age of seven.
Though not a star student, his drawing skills were good. Both his teachers' and
his parents' encouragement led to Samuel's success with miniature portraits on
ivory. Samuel graduated from Yale College in 1810. He wished to pursue a career in
art, but his father was opposed to this. Samuel took a job as a clerk in a
Charlestown bookstore. During this time he continued to paint. His father
reversed his decision and in 1811 allowed Morse to travel to England to pursue
art. http://www.notablebiographies.com/Mo-Ni/Morse-Samuel-F-B.html#ixzz3uOWv9jes
Invention/s:
Invention/s:
Telegraph - a system for transmitting messages from a distance along a wire,
especially one creating signals by making and breaking an electrical
connection.
Orville
and Wilbur Wright
1867-1912, 1871-1948
Place
of Birth:
Biography:
Born four
years apart, brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright grew up in a small town
in Ohio. They shared an intellectual curiosity and an aptitude for science, at
a time when the possibility of human flight was beginning to look like a
reality. Together, the Wright brothers developed the first successful airplane
in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina—and together they became national heroes.
Considered the fathers of modern aviation, they developed innovative technology
and inspired imaginations around the world. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_brothers
Invention/s:
Airplane is a powered flying vehicle with fixed
wings and a weight greater than that of the air it displaces.
Robert
Fulton
1765-1815
Biography:
American engineer and inventor Robert Fulton is best
know for developing the first successful commercial steamboat, the North River
Steamboat (later known as the Clermont) which carried passengers between New
York City and Albany, New York. Fulton also designed the world's first steam
warship. He also designed the "Nautilus," the first practical
submarine in history, which was built in 1800. http://www.biography.com/people/robert-fulton-9304012#synopsis
Invention/s:
Steam boat and the world’s
first steam warship
Jethro
Tull
1674-1741
Biography:
Tull was born in Basildon, Berkshire, to
Jethro Tull, Sr and his wife Dorothy, née Buckeridge or Buckridge. He was
baptised there on 30 March 1674. He grew up in Bradfield, Berkshire and matriculated at St John's College, Oxfordat
the age of 17. He was educated for the legal profession, but appears not to
have taken a degree. He became a member of Staple Inn, and was called to
the bar on 11 December 1693, by the benchers of Gray's Inn.]Tull married Susanna Smith of Burton Dassett, Warwickshire. They settled on his father's
farm at Howberry, near Crowmarsh Gifford, where
they had a son and two daughters. At a later period, (1730–1740) Jethro Tull
devoted all his energies to promote the introduction of this machine,
"more especially as it admitted the use of the hoe. Tull died in 1741 at
Prosperous Farm at Hungerford. He is buried in the churchyard of St Bartholomew's
Church, Lower Basildon, Berkshire, near his birthplace. His
gravestone bears the burial date 9 March 1740 using the Old Style calendar,
which is equivalent to the modern date 20 March 1740.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jethro_Tull_(agriculturist)
Invention/s:
·
Sead
drill - is a sowing
device that positionsseeds in the soil and then covers them. Theseed drill sows the seeds at
equal distances and proper depth.
Thomas
Savery
1650-1715
Place
of Birth: Modbury, United Kingdom
Biography:
Thomas Savery (c. 1650–1715) was an English inventor
and engineer, born at Shilstone, a manor house near Modbury, Devon, England. He
is famous for his invention of the first commercially used steam powered
engine.
Fire Engine Act: Savery's original patent of July
1698 gave 14 years' protection; the next year, 1699, an Act of Parliament was
passed which extended his protection for a further 21 years. This Act became
known as the "Fire Engine Act". Savery's patent covered all engines
that raised water by fire, and it thus played an important role in shaping the
early development of steam machinery in the British Isles. Application of the engine: A few Savery engines were
tried in mines, an unsuccessful attempt being made to use one to clear water
from a pool called Broad Waters in Wednesbury (then in Staffordshire) and
nearby coal mines. This had been covered by a sudden eruption of water some
years before. However the engine could not be 'brought to answer'. The quantity
of steam raised was so great as 'rent the whole machine to pieces'. The engine
was laid aside, and the scheme for raising water was dropped as impracticable.
This may have been in about 1705.
Invention/s:
·
Steam
Powered Engine - an engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam to
generate power.
Cyrus
McCormik
1809-1884
Place
of Birth:
Biography:
Cyrus Hall
McCormick (February
15, 1809 – May 13, 1884) was an American inventor and founder of the McCormick
Harvesting Machine Company, which became part of International Harvester Company in 1902.[2] From
the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, he and many members of his family became
prominent residents of Chicago.
Although
McCormick is credited as the "inventor" of the mechanical reaper, he based his work on
that of many others, including Roman, Scottish and American men, more than two
decades of work by his father, and the aid of Jo Anderson, a slave held by his
family. Cyrus McCormick filed
patents for the invention, and his achievements were chiefly in the development
of a company, marketing and sales force to market his products.
Invention/s:
·
Mechanical reaper - which made the harvesting of grain more efficient and
faster. This helped farmers have more time to devote to other chores.
George Westinghouse
1846-1914
Place of Birth: Central Bridge, New York
Biography:
George Westinghouse, Jr. (October 6, 1846 – March 12, 1914) was an American entrepreneur and engineer who invented the railway air brake and
was a pioneer of the electrical
industry, gaining his first patent at the age of 22. Based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania for
much of his career, Westinghouse was one of Thomas Edison's main
rivals in the early implementation of the American electricity system.
Westinghouse's electricity distribution system, based
on alternating
current, ultimately prevailed over Edison's insistence on direct current. In 1911 Westinghouse received the AIEE's Edison Medal "For
meritorious achievement in connection with the development of the alternating
current system
Invention/s:
·
Railway Air Brake - is a railway brake power braking system with compressed air as
the operating medium. Modern trains rely upon a fail-safe air brake system
that is based upon a design patented by George Westinghouse on March 5, 1868.
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